Ch48

Chapter 48: Nervous System

1.

Describe the function of glial cells; astrocytes, radial glia,oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells.

2.

Describe the factors that contribute to a membrane potential.

3.

Explain the role of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting potential.

4.

Distinguish between gated and ungated ion channels, and among stretch-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels, and voltage-gated ion channels.

5.

Give a brief review of the characteristics of an action potential.

6.

Give a brief review of the role of voltage-gated ion channels in this process.

7.

Give a brief review of how an action potential is propagated along an axon.

8.

Describe the factors that affect the speed of action potentials along an axon and describe adaptations that increase the speed of propagation. Describe salutatory conduction.

9.

Give a brief review of the structures of a chemical synapse and explain how they transmit an action potential from one cell to another.

10.

Explain how excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP’s) and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP’s) affect the postsynaptic membrane potential.

11.

Define summation and distinguish between temporal and spatial summation. Explain how summation applies to EPSP’s and IPSP’s.

12.

Describe the specific properties of the neurotransmittersacetylcholine and biogenic amines, as well as their functions within the nervous system

13.

Explain how different drugs can affect the receptors that bind to the above neurotransmitters and what affect that has on the body.